Ecosystem
Friends of the Seed
Working with leading voices across the Ethereum ecosystem.
A deployable quantum-resistant migration framework for Ethereum. No hard fork, no user action required in advance. Coming soon to a wallet near you.
A credible quantum breakthrough would render every Ethereum account vulnerable overnight. All assets secured by elliptic curve cryptography — every wallet, every smart contract — would be exposed to theft or manipulation before a single protective measure could be deployed.
"Protocol-level fixes require hard forks and years of ecosystem coordination. In a genuine quantum emergency, that timeline is a liability."
Existing proposals — new transaction types, consensus-layer upgrades, new precompiles — are the right long-term direction. But they can't deploy fast enough to protect users when it matters. Proof of Seed is built to fill that gap: a migration mechanism that is available today, without waiting for protocol changes.
Users prove ownership of their existing accounts using quantum-resistant zero-knowledge proofs — verifiable entirely on-chain at Layer 1, with no protocol changes, no trusted intermediaries, and no modifications required to existing dapps.
Software wallet users will generate a Proof of Seed entirely in-browser, using existing key material. No new hardware, no new accounts, and no advance preparation required.
Hardware wallet users will generate proofs directly on-device via ZKBoo — an MPC-in-the-Head ZK protocol carefully optimised for the stringent memory constraints of secure elements.
Modern hardware wallets impose stringent constraints. The ST33K MCU in the 2025 Ledger Flex runs at 70 MHz with 64 KB of RAM and roughly 30 KB available for app use. The vast majority of modern ZK protocols are ruled out by memory requirements alone.
We identified ZKBoo — an MPC-in-the-Head protocol — as the right foundation: its prover is lightweight by design, trading proof succinctness for a significantly reduced memory footprint. We have produced a full Rust crate ecosystem, optimised to run within those constraints, suitable for direct integration into Ledger applications.
Account Abstraction — ERC-4337 and EIP-7702 — transforms your Proof of Seed into a live, on-chain migration mechanism. Your ZK proof is submitted to a smart-contract verifier deployed on Layer 1, allowing you to legitimately operate on-chain even if your private key has been compromised by a quantum attack, and to securely migrate to a post-quantum signature scheme at any time.
This realises the graceful emergency fallback envisioned in Vitalik Buterin's 2024 proposal — and makes it operational today. Proof of Seed is the first framework to demonstrate that cryptographic transitions can be achieved top-down, through the account layer, without disrupting the protocol.
The full Proof of Seed proposal: threat model, cryptographic design, account abstraction integration, and deployment roadmap for Ethereum.
Read on GitHubOpen-source Rust crates implementing ZKBoo, optimised for secure-element constraints. Ready for integration into Ledger applications.
View on GitHubTechnical paper on our ZKBoo implementation for hardware wallets — memory optimisations, Rust architecture, and our plans for succinct lifting.
Read on GitHubWorking with leading voices across the Ethereum ecosystem.